From Grass Roots to Corporate Image - The Maturation of the Web

Christine A. Quinn
Director
Electrical Engineering Computer & Network Services
Stanford University

Abstract

Much like other innovative ways of handling information, the web has grown primarily from the bottom up. Major universities' web servers are often created within CS departments by graduate students. Consequently, the presentation of the University to the rest of the world becomes the concept of a single individual. As popularity increases, and the word spreads on the web's potential, others become involved in deciding what may be presented, how that might be presented, and what the links will look like. Questions arise as to who owns the information presented, who has responsibility for deciding what goes where and who decides what the web pages should look like.

Stanford, no doubt much like other major universities struggling with these issues, started with such a web site. As greater numbers of individuals within the University (or affiliated sites) took to the web the organization, look and responsibility of the pages became a more pressing issue.

How does a large, diversified, distributed organization such as a University begin to collect this information and provide a mechanism by which web offerings could be presented in a similar way? Is it possible, for instance, for all Stanford pages to have a "Stanford" look? More importantly, is it desirable? This paper will discuss the growth of the web at Stanford and discuss efforts to provide collaborative efforts for diverse groups to come together on web presentation.

Something's Missing

Something's missing from the web and I bet you don't know what it is. It's not a search mechanism, it's not a general index, and it's not higher bandwidth.

What's missing is the corporate image.

Some sites have tried and succeeded, some have tried and failed, but mostly web sites are not trying.

When a corporation hires an agency to create a million dollar ad campaign, the CEO gets involved, Vice Presidents are consulted, marketing joins ranks with sales and provides focus groups, test beds, etc.

When a company is about to bring a new piece of software into their product line, there are alpha sites, beta sites, test groups and developers meet and meet and meet.

When a brochure is being developed for an organization, artists are hired, graphic designers are contacted, art directors given direction and printers told what quality of paper, type of ink and printing style to use.

This is not happening on the web.

Joining the Information Superhighway has never been so easy

People have not begun to realize that the information superhighway is here and the webmasters are riding it like crazy. Crazy is the key word. Since the bulk of web material today is created by computer scientists the web has the distinctive look and feel of a high tech playground - toys, computers, video games, sprinkled here and there with nary a thought to order, discipline or professionalism.

Now before you shout "Anarchy before order" consider this:

Even the simplest of TV ads require directors, camera people, production assistants, etc.

And such a commercial may reach a million people. Maybe a few times.

When you put a web site up and announce it at CERN or NCSA you can reach 10 million people. Many more times than once. And at sites that are far out of the reach of commercial TV.

Are you considering what your web pages say about you?

The last question asked is the first needed

Have you perused comp.infosystems.www.provider lately? Anyone in there talking about aesthetics? I've seen "How do I get CERN's httpd up on an HP?", I've seen "Where is Pizza Hut's page?" and I've seen "ANNOUNCE" far, far too many times.

What I haven't seen are questions about

Stanford gets caught in the web

Stanford University, of course, is no different - but that's changing. But someone has to make that change happen.

Like most other colleges and universities, Stanford caught onto the web by virtue of the Computer Science Department (although the Stanford Linear Accelerator, SLAC, was on prior to this, they did not offer a home page for Stanford). A Doctoral student learned about it, aliased his machine's name to www.stanford.edu and started organizing information. He scanned a number of images of Stanford, decided what topics would appear where and offered it up to the world.

The world

Then he waited for people at Stanford to tell him they had a site and he added a link to their pages. It was hit-or-miss for many months and gradually the home page went from being a single document, where all was equal (the Freshman Dorm and the Med School were on the same level) to a sorted list, with general bullets that linked on to other sites as it is now: Stanford University.

When attempts at discussing web standards met mostly with apathy, Kevin Hughes, formerly of Honolulu Community College, now with EIT and CommerceNet was invited to meet with the Stanford web folks. He agreed.

Kevin showed several sites (including his own, of course) that had attempted to bring a semblance of unity and art to their pages. He discussed use of color (50 per image, 150 per page max), button bars as navigational aids and icons for consistency. He also took a lot of time showing webmasters what not to do. Between Kevin's instruction and my own experience here are the

Top Ten things not to do on a Web Page

More than gossamer - where there's strength there's fire

A concerted effort requires organizations working together, but more importantly it requires a leader - someone who will set the stage and move forward in the design and implementation of a set of pages - pages that will reflect the quality of the institution they portray. This piece was missing for Stanford as it is from most web sites.

It was apparent that the standard paper documentation coming out of Stanford had a certain quality about it. The Stanford colors of deep red and sandstone are commonly used. The publication services group within Stanford had often used the distinctive architecture of the school and the richness of these colors to set their publications apart from those offered by other Universities and organizations.

Where are these people now that the web needs them?

The first time I had a chance to have the web imitate art was when I became involved in the Stanford Instructional Television Network pages. My first suggestion was to use Stanford Publication Services to design a "look". By employing both a graphical designer and an art director we took a concept that brought architecture and color to the SITN's World-Wide Web catalog.

The ideas sound simple, but the implementation is not. It wasn't simply a matter of creating a piece of art and turning it into a .gif file. The artist, unfamiliar with the new requirements of the medium, had no idea how to proceed. The art director, however, was able to instruct her on the need to keep the screen in mind and to apply such techniques as anti-aliasing to the text. With our combined efforts the SITN pages gave the image that was needed.

Beyond doing a set of pages for an individual group the issue now is how to pursue this on a campus-wide basis. As the primary promoter (or should I say proselytizer) of a Well-Designed Web Architecture, my job now is to convince more and more people - not just at Stanford but here as well - of the beauty of the web. The beauty not just in the gee-whiz nature of the user interface, but in the possibility of an overall design that embodies art as well as utility.

So what does this say for you and your web site?

First, think about what you're going to put on the web before you put it on. It's nice being first but only if you're best once the rest are on.

Second, consider what your pages say about your organization. Does it portray a professional quality that you would normally invoke with your pamphlets or brochures? Or does it speak volumes about disorganization, disarray and dissension?

Third, think about what you want to say with your pages - are you trying to tell the world who you are? What you do? What you can do for them?

Are you selling something? If the answer to any of these is yes, consider how someone with a marketing background might get involved.

Finally, if you're willing to spend $20,000 on a brochure that gets used for a year, why not invest at least that much with a graphic designer and an art director to do the web right. In years to come this lasting legacy of your venture onto the superhighway will pay it back in plenty.


Christine Quinn is Director of Electrical Engineering Computer & Networking Services (EECNS) at Stanford University. EECNS is dedicated the support and maintenance of UNIX-based computers within the Electrical Engineering Department as well as other sites at Stanford University. EECNS also provides information services to groups and projects to enhance the University's ability to do technology transfer. Christine has been instrumental in providing web services to several organizations at Stanford including the Stanford Instructional Television Network, the School of Engineering and the Electrical Engineering Department. Her current work encompasses a broad spectrum of web sites and services and she is working with several other members of the Stanford community to ensure web services at Stanford reflect the quality of a major University.

Christine has a special interest in the graphic arts and has endeavored to find ways to include that in the design of web pages. Although her attempts have been seen on the web, she knows there's still a lot more work to do to have effective use of graphics and the web merge.

Ms. Quinn was formerly Manager of Engineering Workstation Support at the Aerospace Corporation in El Segundo, California. She graduated from UCLA with a BA in Mathematics in 1974.

She can be reached at quinn@eecns.stanford.edu.